Narendra Modi.

                                                              * Narendra Modi *

Narendra Modi , in full name Narendra Damodardas modi,(bron September 17,1950,Vadnagar, india).Indian Politician and government official who rose to become a senior of the bharatiya janata Party (BJP). In 2014 he led his party to victory in elections to the lok sabha (lower chamber of the Indian parliament ), after which he was sworn in as prime minister of India. prior to that he had served (2001-14) as chif minister (head of government ) of Gujarat state in western India.

Early Life and Political Career :-

Modi was raised in small town in northern Gujarat ,and  he completed an M.A degree in political science form Gujarat university in Ahmadabad. He joined the pro-Hindu Rashtriya Swayamsevak sangh (RSS) organization in the early 1970s and set up a unit of the RSS'S students 'wing, the Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi parishad, in his area. Mr. Modi rose steadily in the RSS hierarchy,and his association with the organisation significantly benefited his subsequent political career.       

Modi joined the BJP in 1987, and a year later he was made the general secretary of the Gujarat branch of the party. he was instrumental in greatly strengthening the party's presence in the state in succeeding years.In 1990 Modi was one of the BJP member who participated in a coalition government in the state, and he helped the BJP achieve success in the 1995 state legislative assembly elections that in march allowed the party to form the first-ever BJP-controlled government in India. The BJP's control of the state government was relatively short-lived,however,ending in September 1996 in India. 

Political ascenT and term as chif minister of GujaraT          

In 1995 Modi was made the Secretary of the BJP's national organisation in New Delhi, and three years later he was appointed its general secretary. he remained in that office for another three years, but in October 2001 he replaced the incumbent Gujarat chief minister, fellow BJP member Keshubhai Patel, after had been held responsible for the state government's poor response in the aftermath  of  the massive bhuj earthquake in Gujarat earlier that year that killed more than 20,000 people. Modi entered his first-ever electoral contest in a February 2002 by- election that won him a seat in the Gujarat state assembly.

Modi's political career thereafter remained a mixture of deep controversy Madhyaand self-promoted achievements. His role as chief minister during communal riots that engulfed Gujarat in 2002 was Particularly questioned. He was accused of condoning the violence or, at least, of doing little to stop the killing of more than 1,000 people,mostly Muslims, that ensued after dozens of Hindu passengers died when their trains was set  on fire in the city of Godhra .

In 2005 the  united states declined to issue him a diplomatic visa on the grounds that he was responsible for the 2002 riots,and the united Kingdom also criticized his role  in 2002. although in the succeeding Years Modi himself escaped any indictment or censure-either by the judiciary or by investigative lengthy jail sentences.  Modi's administration was also accused of involvement in extrajudicial killings ( variously termed " encounters " of "fake encounters") by police or other authorities. One such case, in 2004, involved the deaths of a woman and three men whom officials said were members of Lashkar-e-taiba ( a Pakistan-based terrorist organisation that was involved in the 2008 Mumbai terrorist attacks) and were alleged to have been plotting to assassinate Modi. 

During his time as head of the Gujarat government , Modi established a formidable reputation as an able administrator,and he was given credit for the rapid growth of the state's economy. In addition , his and the party's electoral performances helped advance for prime  minister of India. In june 2013 Modi was chosen the leader of the BJP's campaign for the 2014 elections to the Lok Sabha.   

                   

                                                                                                                                                                    
Premiership of Narendra Modi. 

After a vigorous campaign- in which Modi portrayed himself as a pragmatic candidate who could turn around India's under-performing economy-he and party were victorious , with the BJP winning a clear majority of seats  in the chamber. modi was sworn in as prime minister on may 26, 2014. Soon after he took office, his government embarked on several reforms, including campaigns to improve India's transposition infrastructure and to liberalize rules on direct foreign investment in the country. Modi scored two significant diplomatic achievements early in his term. In mid-September he hosted a visit  by chines President Xi Jinping, the first time a chines leader had been ti India in eight years. At the end of that month, having been granted a U.S Pres Barack Obama.

This disappointment registered with votes during the elections in five states in late 2018. The BJP Lost in all five states, including the BJP strongholds of Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and chhattisgarh. The rival Indian National Congress won more states assembly seats than the BJP in the national election set for the spring of 2019,but other believed that Modi's charisma would excite the voters. Moreover,a security crisis in Jammu and Kashmir in February 2019, which escalated tensions with Pakistan to the highest point in decades, boosted Modi's image just month before the election. with the BJP dominating the airwaves during the campaign-in contrast to the lacklustre campaign of Rahul Gandhi and Congress-the BJP was returned to power, and modi became India's first Prime minister outside of the congress Party to be reelected after a full term.   
 
In his Second term Modi's government revoked the special status of Jammu Kashmir, stripping it of autonomy in October 2019 and bringing it under the direct control of the union government. The move came under intense criticism and faced challenges in court, not only for the questionable legality of depriving Jammu and Kashmir's residents of self-determination but also because the government severely restricted communication and movement within the region.

Modi's Policies  backfired in 2001. Protests escalated (culminating in the storming of the Red fort in January), and extraordinary restrictions and crackdowns by the government failed to suppress them.  Meanwhile , despite the remarkably low spread of COVID-19 in January and February, by late April a rapid surge of cases caused by the new Delta Variant had overwhelmed the country's health care system. Modi ,who had held massive political rallies ahead of state elections in march and April, was criticized for neglecting the surge, The BJP ultimately lost the election in a Key battleground state approached, Modi announced that the government would repeal the agricultural reforms.