StaTesman and PresidenT

                                                          * Nelson Mandela *

South Africa statesman and president (1994-99). Born Rolihlahla Mandela on july 18,1998 in Transkei, South Africa. Mandela's father had four wife and Mandela's mother,Nosekeni fanny ,was the third. his father died when Mandela was nine years-old and he is taken in by a high ranking chief who provides him with an education for the civil service .It is in collage where Mandela develops a nationalist position and begins to advocate for black  African rights.

He is arrested and imprisoned for twenty-seven years. In time, as the white South African government reeled under international political pressure ,Mandela was released and commenced working with the South African white government to transition to black majority rule and African white government to transition to  black majority rule and way form apartheid .At age 77, Mandela was elected President of south Africa ,serving only one term. He has since spent his life promoting equality and world peace in many parts  of the world.

There was little in Nelson Mandela's early life to indicate that he would become a leader of an independence movement and eventually  President of his country. he was born Rolihlahla Mandela in rural South Africa in the tiny village of mvezo,on the banks of the mbashe River in the province of Transkei. " Rolihlahla " in the language of Xhosa literally means " pulling the branch of a tree," but more commonly means " troublemaker." 

At the suggestion of one of Rolihlahla's father's friends, he was baptized in to Methodist church and became the first in his family to attend school. As was the custom at the time,and probably due  to the bias of the British educational system in south Africa , his teacher told him that his new first name would be " Nelson".

      

      
Nelson Manlela's father died of lung disease when Nelson was nine years old. from that point, his life changed dramatically. he was adopted by chief jongintaba Dalindyedo, the acting regent of the them bu people. this gesture was done as a favor to Nelson's father who, years earlier, had recommended  jongintaba be made chief. Nelson left the carefree life he knew in Qunu,  fearing he would never see is village again .  He traveled by motorcar to Mqhekezweni, the provincial capital of Thembuland. to the chief's royal residence. though he had not forgotten his beloved village of Qunu, he quickly adopted to the new , more sophisticated surrounding of Mqhekezweni.

Mandela was given the same status and responsibilities as the regent's two other children, son justice, the oldest and nomafu, the regent's daughter. Mandela took classes in a one-room school next to the place, studying English, Xhosa, history and geography .it was during this period that Mandela developed his interest in African history from elder chiefs who came to the great palace on official business. he heard of how the African people had lived in relative peace until the coming of but the white man shattered this fellowship. the black man shared the land, the air, and the water with the white man ,but white man took all the for himself.   

The first fair election for people of all races was held on 27th April 1994. this was the first time Nelson Mandela had ever voted in his life. This important date is now a national holiday in South Africa and it is known as freedom day. It is a celebration for the end of apartheid.

The ANC won the election and Mandela became the first black president of South Africa on 10th may 1994 until his retirement on 14th June 1999.

In 2008, Nelson Mandela turned 90. to celebrate his life and his birthday, a special tribute concert was held for him in hyde park,London on 27th June 2008. Lots of celebrities took part such as will smith ,amy winehouse and Brian May. Mandela made a speech asking the rich people in the world to help the poor people .

 Nelson Mandela Passed away after an illness on 5th December 2013. He will always be remembered  for his incredible worK.